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World's most perfect town
历史普尔曼基金游客中心的点评
点评：The Pullman district is as unique as it gets. Located at 610 East 111th Street on Chicago's far South Side, at Cottage Grove Avenue, in the Roseland community, adjacent to Lake Calumet, it is one of the most famous company towns in the United States. In fact, in 1896, the development was voted the world's most perfect town at the Prague International Hygienic and Pharmaceutical Exposition. Built by George M. Pullman as a planned industrial town for Pullman's Palace Car Company, the neighborhood was intended as a model community, superior to anything available to the working classes anywhere else in the country. It consisted of more than 1,000 homes, the Pullman factory, the Hotel Florence and other public buildings. Pullman's hope was to avoid strikes, attract the most skilled workers, boost productivity and ensure the health and happiness of his employees. In 1883, over 8,000 workers lived in Pullman. The 12-acre community was designated an Illinois Historic District in 1969, a National Historic Landmark District in 1970, a Chicago Landmark District in 1972 and a National Monument in 2015, which officially made it part of the National Park System. Most recently, Pullman National Historical Park became part of the African American Civil Rights Movement in 2019. For a tour of the site, start at the new visitor center, located in the iconic Pullman Administration Clock Tower Building, which features audio and visual exhibits that explore the story and legacy of the local labor and civil rights history. Also within the district is the A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum, which explores and recognizes African American labor history. At one time, Pullman was the nation's largest employer of African Americans.
翻译：普尔曼区堪称独一无二。它位于芝加哥最南区东 111 街 610 号，坐落在 Cottage Grove 大道，属于 Roseland 社区，毗邻卡卢梅特湖，是美国最著名的公司城镇之一。事实上，1896 年，这个地方在布拉格国际卫生和药品博览会上被评为世界上最完美的城镇。这个街区由乔治·M·普尔曼为普尔曼的宫廷车厢公司修建，最初是作为工业城镇，旨在成为一个模范社区，比美国其他任何地方的工人阶级都能找到的都要好。它由 1000 多所房屋、普尔曼工厂、佛罗伦萨酒店和其他公共建筑组成。普尔曼的希望是避免罢工、吸引最熟练的工人、提高生产力并确保员工的健康和幸福。1883 年，超过 8000 名工人居住在普尔曼。这个占地 12 英亩的社区于 1969 年被指定为伊利诺伊州历史街区，1970 年被指定为国家历史地标区，1972 年被指定为芝加哥地标区，2015 年被指定为国家纪念碑，正式成为国家公园系统的一部分。最近，普尔曼国家历史公园于 2019 年成为非裔美国人民权运动的一部分。参观该遗址，可以从位于标志性的普尔曼行政钟楼大楼的新游客中心开始，那里设有音频和视频展览，探索当地劳工和民权历史的故事和遗产。该区内还有 A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter 博物馆，该博物馆探索和认可非裔美国人的劳工历史。普尔曼曾是美国最大的非裔美国人雇主。
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