点评:Having followed the discoveries at the Ness of Brodgar for a number of years as an interested geologist it was unfortunate that by the time I returned to Scotland the 20 years of excavations began in 2004, had been completed and covered over. It however was still an amazing feeling to be able to be in the area of the dig and if not see it then the remainder of the Neolithic Monuments around it.
It is strange that for years the Ness of Brodgar a peninsula that separates the freshwater Loch of Harray and brackish Loch of Stenness. On either side are well know Neolithic sites, located between the Ring of Brodgar and the Stones of Stenness in the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. Over the years probably numerous archeologist had driven past and not given it a second though, this grassy rise. The in 2002 a geophysical survey of the Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site identified soil anomalies on the ness which looked like a settlement.
Excavations took place from 2003 to 2024 and exposed a site around three hectares, and contains the remains of a complex of Neolithic stone structures dating back to around 3500 BC. There is even evidence that the site was active during Mesolithic times 6000 BC, over 8000 years ago shortly after the last ice age.
Apart from the numerous artifacts of stone, bone and pottery the site has provided evidence of decorated stone slabs, a stone wall 20 ft. thick with foundations, and a large building described as a Neolithic temple. However by around 2200 BC, the site had been closed down and partially dismantled.
Today there is an excellent exhibition at the nearby Maeshowe Visitors Centre in Stenness, where you can learn more about the Ness Of Brodgar and the other impressive Neolithic sites in Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. The Staff here are more than willing to give you any amount of detail and answer questions.
翻译:作为一名地质爱好者,我多年来一直关注着布罗德加岬角(Ness of Brodgar)的考古发现。遗憾的是,当我2004年重返苏格兰时,长达20年的挖掘工作已经完成并被掩埋。然而,能够身处挖掘现场附近,即便无法亲眼目睹,也能欣赏到周围其他的新石器时代遗迹,这仍然令人感到无比激动。
布罗德加岬角(Ness of Brodgar)是一个半岛,它分隔着淡水湖哈雷湖(Loch of Harray)和咸水湖斯坦尼斯湖(Loch of Stenness)。半岛两侧是著名的新石器时代遗址,位于布罗德加环形石阵(Ring of Brodgar)和斯坦尼斯巨石阵之间,是奥克尼新石器时代遗址世界遗产的核心地带。多年来,或许无数考古学家曾驾车经过这里,却从未驻足细看这片草坡。 2002年,对奥克尼新石器时代世界遗产地进行的地球物理勘测发现,岛上存在疑似聚落的土壤异常。
2003年至2024年间,考古发掘工作展开,发掘出一处约三公顷的遗址,其中包含可追溯至公元前3500年左右的新石器时代石结构建筑群的遗迹。甚至有证据表明,该遗址在公元前6000年的中石器时代也曾有人居住,距今已有8000多年,即末次冰期结束后不久。
除了大量的石器、骨器和陶器外,该遗址还发现了装饰精美的石板、一段厚达20英尺(约6米)的石墙及其地基,以及一座被描述为新石器时代神庙的大型建筑。然而,大约在公元前2200年,该遗址已被关闭并部分拆除。
今天,在附近的斯滕尼斯(Stenness)的梅斯豪游客中心(Maeshowe Visitors Centre)正在举办一场精彩的展览,您可以在那里了解更多关于布罗德加岬角(Ness Of Brodgar)以及奥克尼新石器时代中心世界遗产地其他令人印象深刻的新石器时代遗址的信息。这里的工作人员非常乐意为您提供详尽的讲解并解答您的疑问。