Most complex hilltop enclosure found in the South - Old Stone Fort State Archaeological Park (Manchester) - Old Stone Fort State Archaeological Park - 291条旅客点评与比价

Taylor B

Most complex hilltop enclosure found in the South

Old Stone Fort State Archaeological Park的点评

2026年09月28日发布于: 海外

点评：The Old Stone Fort is a prehistoric Native American structure that most likely was built between 80 and 550 AD. Located in Coffee County, Tennessee, west of Manchester, off I-24, it is considered the most complex hilltop enclosure found in the South and was likely used for ceremonial purposes rather than defense. Today, it is part of Old Stone Fort State Archaeological Park, one of two state archaeological parks in Tennessee, the other at Pinson Mounds near Jackson. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, the 876-acre park is located on a peninsula formed by the confluence of the Duck River and the Little Duck River. Start your visit at the Old Stone Fort Museum, located near the entrance of the park. The museum's exhibits interpret the theories regarding the fort's builders, archaeological excavations at the site, a small theater. a gift shop, historical lineage of early Native Americans and the culture of its builders. An observation deck atop the museum displays information about Old Stone Fort and surrounding rivers and views of the Blue Hole Falls. The walls of Old Stone Fort consist of stone and earthwork and are about four to six feet high. One mound is 35 feet in diameter while another is 48 feet in diameter. The fort's walls range from 1,094 feet long to 1,394 feet long to 2,116 feet long. A substantial ditch, known as the "moat," parallels the southern wall at the base of the ridge. Curiously, the identity of the builders of Old Stone Fort remained a mystery -- was it built by Spanish explorers or the Vikings? -- until 1966 when the University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology investigated the structure's origins and, after digging a series of trenches and test pits and conducting extensive research, determined the builders to be Native Americans of the Middle Woodland period.

翻译：古石堡是一座史前时期的美洲原住民遗迹，很可能在公元80年至550年间建造。它坐落于田纳西州科菲县，曼彻斯特以西、24号州际公路旁。该遗迹被视为美国南部最为复杂的山顶防御结构，不过其用途很可能为仪式用途而非防御目的。如今，它已成为古石堡州立考古公园的一部分。该公园是田纳西州仅有的两座州立考古公园之一，另一座则位于杰克逊附近的平森土丘。该公园于1973年被列入国家历史名胜名录，占地876英亩，坐落于鸭河与小鸭河交汇所形成的半岛上。游客可从位于公园入口处的老石堡博物馆开始参观。馆内展品详细介绍了关于城堡建造者的各种推测、遗址处的考古发掘成果、一座小型剧院、礼品店，以及早期美洲原住民的历史渊源与建造者的文化。博物馆顶部的观景台上展示着有关古石堡及周边河流的信息，还能欣赏到蓝洞瀑布的景致。古石堡的围墙由石头和土堆构成，高度约为4至6英尺。其中一座土丘的直径为35英尺，另一座则为48英尺。这些围墙的长度分别达到1,094英尺、1,394英尺和2,116英尺。在山脊底部，有一条被称为“护城河”的深沟，与南侧的围墙平行。奇怪的是。旧石堡的建造者身份一直是个谜——究竟是西班牙探险家还是维京人建造了它？——直到1966年，田纳西大学人类学系对这座建筑的起源展开了研究。通过挖掘一系列沟渠和探坑并进行大量研究后，他们最终确定其建造者为中木器时代的美洲原住民。

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