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Vienna's landmark
圣斯蒂芬大教堂(Stephansdom)的点评
点评：The seat of Vienna archbishop right in the heart of the city in the center of the square with the same name.
Originally constructed in the 12th century where the roman towers and giant door still exist then a second Romanesque church replaced it in the 13th century after it was lost to a fire, then the gothic nave and some other additions in the 14th century gave the cathedral its current shape along with continuous inner modifications ever since then, mainly Baroque, while the roof is covered with colorful tiles with the coat of arms of the city and the Imperial double-headed eagle. It has 4 towers where the south one is the tallest measuring 136 meters high with a magnificent panoramic view over the city, while the northern tower has the most famous bell (the Pummerin) among the 13 bells of the cathedral topped with a small green dome.
The interior is very rich in details with 18 altars, as well as the alters of the chapels. The 17th century baroque altar depicts the martyrdom of Saint Stephen. Another the Icon of the Virgin with her baby that was brought from Hungary in the 17th century, allegedly to protect it from potential Ottoman invasion, but they never sent it back and eventually a copy was returned instead. Also one of the interesting elements is the stone carved pulpit. As well as the tomb of Emperor Frederick III, carved from red marble and dates back to late 15th century.
Among the chapels is the chapel of the cross, where were performed Mozart funerals but the chapel is closed to public. Also the chapel of Saint Valentine where his bones are now kept with many other relics.
The catacombs under the church is the resting place for many cardinals and bishops and also members of the empire family, as well as duke Rudolph IV to whom it is attributed the construction of the 14th century gothic church.
Of course the entrance is free, but tickets are available for the catacombs, the north and south towers, the treasury of the Teutonic order, the museum, as well as some parts of the church space, and they range from 8 to 29 euros for the all-inclusive with audio guides.
Originally constructed in the 12th century where the roman towers and giant door still exist then a second Romanesque church replaced it in the 13th century after it was lost to a fire, then the gothic nave and some other additions in the 14th century gave the cathedral its current shape along with continuous inner modifications ever since then, mainly Baroque, while the roof is covered with colorful tiles with the coat of arms of the city and the Imperial double-headed eagle. It has 4 towers where the south one is the tallest measuring 136 meters high with a magnificent panoramic view over the city, while the northern tower has the most famous bell (the Pummerin) among the 13 bells of the cathedral topped with a small green dome.
The interior is very rich in details with 18 altars, as well as the alters of the chapels. The 17th century baroque altar depicts the martyrdom of Saint Stephen. Another the Icon of the Virgin with her baby that was brought from Hungary in the 17th century, allegedly to protect it from potential Ottoman invasion, but they never sent it back and eventually a copy was returned instead. Also one of the interesting elements is the stone carved pulpit. As well as the tomb of Emperor Frederick III, carved from red marble and dates back to late 15th century.
Among the chapels is the chapel of the cross, where were performed Mozart funerals but the chapel is closed to public. Also the chapel of Saint Valentine where his bones are now kept with many other relics.
The catacombs under the church is the resting place for many cardinals and bishops and also members of the empire family, as well as duke Rudolph IV to whom it is attributed the construction of the 14th century gothic church.
Of course the entrance is free, but tickets are available for the catacombs, the north and south towers, the treasury of the Teutonic order, the museum, as well as some parts of the church space, and they range from 8 to 29 euros for the all-inclusive with audio guides.
翻译：维也纳大主教的驻地位于市中心，处在同名广场的正中央。
该教堂最初建于12世纪，当时罗马风格的塔楼和巨大城门至今仍存；13世纪时教堂遭火灾焚毁，随后又建造了一座罗曼式教堂取而代之。14世纪时，哥特式中殿及其他一些建筑结构的加入使得大教堂最终形成了如今的模样，此后其内部又不断进行改造，以巴洛克风格为主。屋顶铺有色彩斑斓的瓦片，上面刻有城市的徽章以及帝国的双头鹰图案。教堂共有4座塔楼，其中南侧的塔楼最高，高达136米，从塔上可俯瞰整个城市的壮丽全景；北侧的塔楼上则悬挂着大教堂13口钟中最为著名的“普默林钟”，塔顶还有一个绿色的小圆顶。
教堂内部细节极为丰富，设有18座祭坛以及多个小礼拜堂的祭坛。这座17世纪的巴洛克风格祭坛上雕刻着圣斯蒂芬殉道的故事。另一件重要文物是圣母与圣子像，该画像于17世纪从匈牙利运来，据称是为了防止其落入奥斯曼帝国手中；然而匈牙利人始终没有将其送回，最后只送回了一幅复制品。另外，雕刻精美的石制讲坛也是一个颇具趣味的特色。此外还有用红色大理石雕刻而成的腓特烈三世皇帝的陵墓，其历史可追溯到15世纪末。在这些礼拜堂中，有十字架礼拜堂，莫扎特的葬礼曾在那里举行，但该礼拜堂不向公众开放。还有圣瓦伦丁礼拜堂，他的遗骨以及许多其他圣物都保存在那里。
教堂地下的地下墓穴是众多红衣主教、主教以及帝国家族成员的安息之地，此外还有鲁道夫四世公爵——据说这座14世纪的哥特式教堂便是由他下令建造的。
当然，入场是免费的。不过，游客可以购买到进入地下墓穴、南北塔楼、条顿骑士团宝库、博物馆以及教堂部分区域的门票；包含语音导览的全套门票价格则在8至29欧元之间。
该教堂最初建于12世纪，当时罗马风格的塔楼和巨大城门至今仍存；13世纪时教堂遭火灾焚毁，随后又建造了一座罗曼式教堂取而代之。14世纪时，哥特式中殿及其他一些建筑结构的加入使得大教堂最终形成了如今的模样，此后其内部又不断进行改造，以巴洛克风格为主。屋顶铺有色彩斑斓的瓦片，上面刻有城市的徽章以及帝国的双头鹰图案。教堂共有4座塔楼，其中南侧的塔楼最高，高达136米，从塔上可俯瞰整个城市的壮丽全景；北侧的塔楼上则悬挂着大教堂13口钟中最为著名的“普默林钟”，塔顶还有一个绿色的小圆顶。
教堂内部细节极为丰富，设有18座祭坛以及多个小礼拜堂的祭坛。这座17世纪的巴洛克风格祭坛上雕刻着圣斯蒂芬殉道的故事。另一件重要文物是圣母与圣子像，该画像于17世纪从匈牙利运来，据称是为了防止其落入奥斯曼帝国手中；然而匈牙利人始终没有将其送回，最后只送回了一幅复制品。另外，雕刻精美的石制讲坛也是一个颇具趣味的特色。此外还有用红色大理石雕刻而成的腓特烈三世皇帝的陵墓，其历史可追溯到15世纪末。在这些礼拜堂中，有十字架礼拜堂，莫扎特的葬礼曾在那里举行，但该礼拜堂不向公众开放。还有圣瓦伦丁礼拜堂，他的遗骨以及许多其他圣物都保存在那里。
教堂地下的地下墓穴是众多红衣主教、主教以及帝国家族成员的安息之地，此外还有鲁道夫四世公爵——据说这座14世纪的哥特式教堂便是由他下令建造的。
当然，入场是免费的。不过，游客可以购买到进入地下墓穴、南北塔楼、条顿骑士团宝库、博物馆以及教堂部分区域的门票；包含语音导览的全套门票价格则在8至29欧元之间。
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