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A National Historic Landmark in every sense of the words
Andrew Jackson's Hermitage的点评
点评：Civil War historians, like me, are fascinated by antebellum plantation houses. Many are located in Natchez, Mississippi, and St. Francisville, Louisiana. But two are situated near Nashville, Tennessee, Andrew Jackson's Hermitage and Belle Meade. The Hermitage is the third home that was occupied by Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, on the 1,000-acre site that is 10 miles east of downtown Nashville, which he owned from 1804 until his death in 1845. In 1834, after a fire partially destroyed his original plantation house, Jackson built a 13-room, Greek Revival structure upon the foundation of the former home. The mansion has a rectangular layout, about 104 feet from east to west and 54 feet from north to south. The south front is the location of the main entrance and includes a central block with a five-bay, two-story structure with a portico supported by six Corinthian style, wooden columns. The layout of the main block of the house consists of four large rooms separated by a center hall. The entry hall with plank flooring painted dark is decorated with block-printed wallpaper from Paris. A the far end of the hall is the elliptical cantilevered staircase with mahogany handrail leading to the second level. To the left of the hall are the front and back parlors featuring crystal chandeliers and Italian marble mantels. Leading from the front parlor is the dining room in the east wing. On the second level are four bedrooms used by family members and guests, including Sam Houston and U.S. Presidents James K. Polk and Martin Van Buren. Today, the 1,120-acre property also contains a formal garden where Jackson and his wife are buried, a large brick smokehouse that dates to the early 19th century, a caretaker's log cabin and two one-story buildings used for workers quarters. The Hermitage was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.
翻译：像我一样的内战史学家对战前种植园宅邸着迷。许多种植园宅邸位于密西西比州的纳奇兹和路易斯安那州的圣弗朗西斯维尔。但有两座位于田纳西州纳什维尔附近，分别是安德鲁·杰克逊的赫米蒂奇庄园和贝尔米德庄园。赫米蒂奇庄园是美国第七任总统杰克逊在纳什维尔市中心以东10英里处占地1000英亩的土地上居住的第三处住所。他从1804年起拥有这片土地，直至1845年去世。1834年，一场大火部分烧毁了他最初的种植园宅邸后，杰克逊在原址上建造了一座拥有13个房间的希腊复兴式建筑。这座宅邸呈长方形布局，东西长约104英尺，南北宽约54英尺。南立面是主入口所在之处，中央主体建筑为五开间两层结构，门廊由六根科林斯式木柱支撑。主建筑内部由四个大房间组成，中间以走廊相连。入口大厅铺设深色木地板，并装饰着来自巴黎的印花壁纸。大厅尽头是椭圆形悬臂楼梯，配有红木扶手，通往二楼。大厅左侧是前后客厅，均配有水晶吊灯和意大利大理石壁炉架。前客厅通往东翼的餐厅。二楼设有四间卧室，供家庭成员和客人使用，其中包括山姆·休斯顿以及美国总统詹姆斯·K·波尔克和马丁·范布伦。如今，这片占地1120英亩的庄园还包括一座正式花园（杰克逊及其妻子安葬于此）、一座建于19世纪初的大型砖砌熏肉房、一间看守人的小木屋以及两栋用作工人宿舍的单层建筑。赫米蒂奇庄园于1960年被指定为国家历史地标，并于1966年被列入国家史迹名录。
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